• br Discussion Here we show opposing effects of

  2025-01-24

  

  Discussion Here, we show opposing effects of iontophoretically administered phenylephrine,aselective α1-AR agonist, on firing of putatively DAergic and non-DAergic neurons recorded in vivo in the VTA of urethane anaesthetized rats. Phenylephrine application caused a relatively weak decrease in fi

• While HTPCs are not immune cells they

  2025-01-24

  

  While HTPCs are not immune cells, they produce IL-6, MCP-1 and other immunologically relevant factors (Mayer et al., 2016). Our results demonstrated that epinephrine and phenylephrine increased the mRNA expression levels of COX-2, IL-6 and MCP-1 in HTPCs without affecting the mRNA expression level o

• Mast cells Mast cells are immune cells of the myeloid

  2025-01-24

  

  Mast cells. Mast 5959 are immune cells of the myeloid lineage and are ubiquitously present in connective tissues [75]. These cells are involved in the modulation of a number of physiological functions, such as vasodilation, angiogenesis, bacterial, and parasite elimination [75]. Moreover, mast cell

• sVRPs were more sensitive to ABT

  2025-01-24

  

  sVRPs were more sensitive to ABT-702 than MSRs. This result agrees with previous reports that the activation of A1 receptors more potently inhibits sVRPs than MSRs (Nakamura et al., 1997, Otsuguro et al., 2009). Importantly, sVRPs are thought to reflex C-fiber-evoked nociceptive transmission. Nocice

• Previous studies have demonstrated the presence of soluble N

  2025-01-24

  

  Previous studies have demonstrated the presence of soluble NTPDases, 5′-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase in rat blood serum as well as in human blood (Doleski et al., 2016; Oses et al., 2004; Yegutkin, 1997; Yegutkin et al., 2007). In addition, our earlier reports have shown that these membrane-

• br Dihydrotestosterone in adult fish and frogs

  2025-01-24

  

  Dihydrotestosterone in adult fish and frogs New perspectives and next directions Similar to other androgens, DHT can modulate reproductive endpoints in both fish and amphibians. However, predicting the effects of DHT can be challenging, as reproductive homeostasis is dependent upon the balance

• br Discussion Here we focused on seven

  2025-01-24

  

  Discussion Here, we focused on seven plant alkaloids extracted from yokukansan. These alkaloids individually inhibited 5-HT-mediated 5-HT3A and 5-HT3AB receptor currents weakly. Simultaneous administration of these alkaloids, however, inhibited the 5-HT3A and 5-HT3AB receptor currents strongly. T

• In addition to the data provided by the Ki

  2025-01-23

  

  In addition to the data provided by the Ki16425 treatment in the K/BxN arthritis model, new findings from the study of two new LPA receptor antagonists confirm the involvement of the LPA pathway in the pathogenesis of experimental arthritis. In the study by Miyabe et al., the authors reported the tr

• Taking together findings from our study and that

  2025-01-23

  

  Taking together findings from our study and that from the literature, we propose a model (to be experimentally confirmed) of possible intracellular mechanism of NA-induced regulation of Na-K ATPase subunit expression (Fig. 8). NA acting on α1-AR modulates the α1- and α3-subunit expressions of Na-K A

• ddr1 Production of reactive oxygen species ROS during RSV in

  2025-01-23

  

  Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during RSV infection is one the important ways that neutrophils can injure the lungs [2], [24], [25]. Lipoxygenases are considered as an important source of producing ROS inside the ddr1 [26]. Several studies have indicated that the 12/15-LOX is a pro-inf

• Second the choice of the PAABD is critical

  2025-01-23

  

  Second, the choice of the PAABD is critical for an efficient and sensitive biosensor. The sequence of the PAABD should present high affinity and efficient recognition of the phosphorylated substrate, as opposed to poor affinity for the unphosphorylated substrate, and should display a fully reversibl

• An in vitro assay in which

  2025-01-23

  

  An in vitro assay in which endothelial cells form 3D tube-like structures was used to investigate effects of dNK on vessel stability. The results indicate that dNK cells from women with high spiral artery resistance index had reduced ability to activate endothelial cells, since endothelial cells pre

• br Materials and methods br Conflict of interest br

  2025-01-23

  

  Materials and methods Conflict of interest Acknowledgments We thank Christine Heiner (Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh) for her critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from the US National Institutes of Health (R01GM115366, R01CA160417, and R01C

• Initially DPP DPP and prolyl tripeptidyl peptidase A PtpA

  2025-01-23

  

  Initially, DPP4, DPP7, and prolyl tripeptidyl peptidase A (PtpA) were the only exopeptidases identified in P. gingivalis. These share substrates according to their altered specificities, as DPP4 is highly specific for Pro at the penultimate position from the N-terminus (P1 position), though it accep

• Asparagine synthetase ASNS is a

  2025-01-23

  

  Asparagine synthetase (ASNS) is a glutamine amidotransferase that catalyzes ATP-dependent synthesis of asparagine and glutamate from aspartate and glutamine. Upregulation of ASNS expression renders leukemia cells resistant to l-asparaginase treatment, and ASNS is essential for cell survival in the a

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